Spoiling History: Starting from the Three Kingdoms

[It should also be noted that with the gradual popularization of schools in the Song Dynasty, the development of the south also became increasingly complete.

Regarding this point, today's history textbooks clearly summarize that the southward shift of the ancient economic center began in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

Many people know the allusion of Yi Guan crossing south. This was also the first large-scale population migration southward in the feudal dynasty.

More than 400 years later, the Anshi Rebellion broke out. In order to avoid the war, the people of the Central Plains chose to migrate south to avoid the chaos. This was the second population migration southward.

If the first two large-scale population migrations to the south only made the development of the south more perfect, then after the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty and Wan Yangou's southern crossing to Hangzhou, the balance of power between the north and the south had been completely reversed.

Here we take data as an example. According to Song historical records, during the Song Shenzong period, about 45 million acres of land was cultivated on the two roads west of Beijing and Dongdong, which is now Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong and other places, and also the north in the conventional sense of the Northern Song Dynasty.

And what about the South? During the same period, 36 million acres of land were reclaimed on the Zhejiang Road and Jiangdong East Road, 87 million acres on the Jiangdong East Road and Jiangxi East Road, and more than 1.1 million acres on the Fujian Road.

Forty-five million versus 134 million, the comparison is very intuitive.

In addition, in terms of population comparison, in the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty, the population of the Jingdong West Road area in the Northern Song Dynasty was only 3% of that during the Huizong period of the Song Dynasty.

During the same period, the population in the south basically increased. For example, the population on the two Zhejiang roads increased by 7%, the population on the two Jiangnan roads increased by 47%, and the population on the Fujian road increased by 58%.

In the north, under the dual debuffs of population decline and economic collapse, education has predictably suffered a devastating blow.

For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, there were only 15 financial and official schools in Henan Road, and in the Southern Song Dynasty, there were only about 10 schools, and they were all run by Jin people, and their quality was not to be praised.

In comparison, the quality of teaching in the southern region has steadily improved. During the Northern Song Dynasty, there were 48 official schools in Zhejiang and Jiangdong, and 47 in Jiangdong. By the Southern Song Dynasty, they had increased to 74 and 76 respectively.

And this was just the official school. During the Southern Song Dynasty, private schools became popular, and the colleges run by respected scholars were even more famous than the official school.

For example, we all know the allusion about Cheng Menlixue's study. Yang Shi, who studied in the allusion, later became a leader in Cheng Luo's studies.

The old party gained power during the period when Gao Taotao was in power behind the curtain, but gaps soon developed within the party.

The Shu School headed by Su Shi and Su Che admired the way of saints and advocated the theory of the unity of temperament; the Luo School headed by Er Cheng advocated the theory of good nature and evil emotions.

In the end, the two sides competed with each other for their outstanding learning, and the "Luo-Shu Controversy" broke out. In the end, the Luo School lost power and Cheng Yi was repeatedly demoted.

During the Song Huizong period, Cheng Yi publicly criticized Cai Jing, which made Huizong unhappy. Luo Xue was almost in decline at that time.

The protagonist Yang Shi in "Cheng Men Li Xue" became determined to safeguard and revitalize Luo Xue after he achieved academic success. However, due to Cai Jing's suppression of Luo Xue, Yang Shi had no choice but to go south.

Finally, during the Zhenghe period of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, Yang Shi founded Donglin Academy on the prosperous Liangzhe Road. It was one of the famous private schools near Jiangsu and Zhejiang at that time.

About five hundred years later, several scholars from the Ming Dynasty were dismissed for their speeches and chose to return home to engage in education. This group of literati from Jiangsu and Zhejiang finally chose to restore the institution as a teaching place on the former site of Donglin Academy.

Several scholars jointly initiated the Donglin Conference in the college and formulated the "Donglin Meeting". People at that time called them the Donglin Eight Gentlemen. This was the predecessor of the "Donglin Party" in the later period of Daiming.

Well, this is too far off the mark.

In short, the late Northern Song Dynasty was a critical period for the exchange of power between the North and the South. Insightful people in the early stages of the reform may have vaguely realized this.

For example, during the Song Yingzong period, 63 professors were dispatched to support official learning, of which 39 were from the north and 24 from the south.

But later on, the struggle between the old and the new parties became more and more fierce, and those who really did things had no place to stand. During the Huizong period of the Song Dynasty, there was basically a laissez-faire attitude, and all political affairs disappeared with the death of the Song Dynasty.

In October of the seventh year of Xuanhe, the Jin army rose up to attack the Song Dynasty.

In the first month of the first year of Jingkang, Jin soldiers surrounded Bianliang. In February of the second year of Jingkang, the city of Bianliang was destroyed, Huizong Qinzong was captured, and Zhao Gou crossed south.

In a sense, when Wan Yangou decided to flee south, the Ming Dynasty's North and South Bang case was already doomed. 】

〖Pang Tong: In October, troops were launched from Liaodong, and it only took three months to attack Bianliang. I had never heard of such an easy-to-enter Kyoto.

Li Shimin: A good person is not in danger but in virtue.

Zhang Fei: This faint king is so brave that he didn't follow the example of Emperor Tang and flee first.

Zhang Fei: Your Majesty Erfeng, I have no intention of criticizing you.

Li Shimin: ...I know that General Yide has an innocent heart. 〗

Zhao Kuangyin felt that he had gradually figured out the bad tastes of his younger generations, just like this time.

It was quite difficult for him to look at the previous figures, and he was even a little happy looking at the hundreds of millions of acres of farmland.

After all, looking at this alone, and comparing it with the number of acres of land in the Tang Dynasty in memory, although it is not the same as Yanyun, it is not inferior to that of the Tang Dynasty.

And from this point of view, it could not be said that it was the result of the Reform and New Deal. This made Zhao Kuangyin feel a little itchy in his heart. He wished he could discuss with Zhao Pu how to start a school now.

Zhao Kuangyin didn't understand what Cheng Menlixue meant, but seeing that the old party could continue to fight among themselves, he felt more and more hopeless for the court in a hundred years.

There were even more things that he didn't understand about the Ming Dynasty, but before Zhao Kuangyin could figure it out, the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty was clearly presented in just a few sentences.

The military advisors under Emperor Zhaolie concluded very clearly that they would besiege Kyoto in three months and destroy the country in one year.

For more than 160 years, it was ruled by advocating literature, but it was finally destroyed in a hurry.

Liaodong is more than two thousand miles away, and it will arrive in March. After a hundred years of raising soldiers, there are no soldiers who can fight to the death?

Zhao Kuangyin almost wanted to vomit blood.

Over there, Zhao Guangyi had already seen that the situation was not going well and shrank his head, fearing that his brother would argue with him about the old issue of "morality but not danger".

It was already very difficult to endure the pain in his legs, and what he just said made his brother unhappy for some reason. Zhao Kuangyi simply shut up and shrank his head without saying a word, trying to show a submissive appearance.

"Official..."

Zhao Pu wanted to say a few words of comfort, but what he got was Zhao Kuangyin shaking his head and saying:

"It's okay."

Perhaps it was because he had known about Jingkang's humiliation, or perhaps because he had been in the army in his early years and learned to be calm, but in short Zhao Kuangyin recovered in a very short time and even started to discuss with Zhao Pu:

"It seems that if you want to extend the Song Dynasty, you should protect the imperial territory of the capital to recruit talented people for the Northern Expedition."

Zhao Pu nodded. Similar analysis had already been made ten years ago when Xue Ye Zhitu Tianxia, ​​so there is no need to repeat it at this time.

There are many examples of the difference between north and south in history, ranging from Jiangdong's partial peace in the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty to the various objections of wealthy households in Jiangsu and Zhejiang to raising northwest sergeants at the end of the Tang Dynasty. There is no need to explain in detail.

After thinking about it, Zhao Kuangyin knelt down and patted his younger brother's thigh with serious words:

"If you hadn't been disadvantaged in both battles, then if the reform dynasty had only one or two strong armies, how could it be..."

Zhao Guangyi grimaced in pain, but did not dare to say a word.

…

Zhang Fei hurriedly tore off another note, dipped his pen in ink and turned to ask Kong Ming:

"Military advisor, this Emperor of the Tang Dynasty praises my innocent heart."

"Is it appropriate for me to reply, 'Your Majesty the Second Phoenix will also be able to achieve more than the First Emperor'?"

Kong Ming shook his head in disapproval and said with a smile:

"Let's stop here, don't say any more."

However, Kong Ming was very suspicious. It seemed like Erfeng was scolding Yide when he said that Yide had an innocent heart.

But looking back, I can see that the two sentences that Yide said exposed scars and also had the meaning of Pi Li Yang Qiu.

Seeing Zhang Fei smashing the ball of paper in his hand with great reluctance, Kong Ming also breathed a sigh of relief.

They were originally Han ministers. If it was somewhat inappropriate to compare Emperor Xiaowu to these two phoenixes, it might be because of this that Yide would mention the achievements of the First Emperor.

But I'm afraid the first thing that caught Erfeng's eyes was the murder of his brother by Hu Hai, the son of the First Emperor.

Kong Ming couldn't help but not think too much, after all, later generations said that these two Phoenixes were petty...

Zhang Fei didn't know how many thoughts were running through the military advisor's mind in a short period of time. After crumbling the note, he quickly put the matter down and discussed the next thing with great interest:

"If there is such a difference between north and south in future generations, then wouldn't there be a difference between east and west at this time?"

Liu Bei was dumbfounded:

"Why are you fighting for this false reputation? If you wait for Yi De to be the vanguard to conquer Yuzhou and connect the north and the south, there will be no difference."

Speaking of this thing that he had promised, Zhang Fei became happy again.

…

Li Shimin put down his pen and stroked his head and said helplessly:

"This Yi De is as good at speaking as Xuan Cheng."

Wei Zheng, who was lying on the gun, immediately protested:

"I am not a person who makes insinuations. All the mistakes I make and state are made directly."

The corner of Li Shimin's mouth twitched, and he didn't know which of the two methods should be evaluated for a moment.

Shaking his head to put the matter aside for now, Li Shimin was naturally more interested in "bringing light" and couldn't help but ask:

"Donglin Academy was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. Since all the people were idlers, why did they form a party?"

Fang Xuanling had been in and out of the Imperial College a lot recently, so she handed over her hands and said in an orderly manner:

"The Eight Gentlemen of Donglin may have good intentions at first, but their attitude of lecturing and preaching is almost similar to that of the famous scholars of the Later Han Dynasty."

This made Li Shimin suddenly wake up. What later generations said about the order of fame, wealth, and power when they evaluated the celebrities of the Later Han Dynasty also emerged from his mind, and he immediately remembered another difference in the Ming Dynasty:

"And this is obvious, the cheaper the paper price is..."

Regardless of what the younger generation had said before about the ratio of civilians to official positions, the Ming Dynasty's creation of many ways, or the excitement of novels, Li Shimin secretly guessed:

Perhaps the intellectual masters of the Ming Dynasty had far greater prestige among the people than those of the later Han Dynasty.

I just don’t know what the Ming Dynasty will look like? Li Shimin became vaguely curious.

[The economic differences brought about by the differences between the north and the south lead to inequality in educational resources, which is an objective reality.

But at the same time, our teacher also said in school that realizing fairness and justice is destined to be a long process, and it is also one of the goals of modern society.

One of the means to achieve fairness and justice is naturally the compulsory education system that now benefits all of us.

As mentioned before, the official school during the Huizong period of the Song Dynasty was at the peak of the feudal era in terms of scale. It had a bit of a sense of obligation, but after all it was not.

Even the most complete official education in the Northern Song Dynasty only provided subsidies to students, rather than free compulsory education like ours today.

In addition, the compulsory and basic nature of compulsory education today is far from what it was in the feudal era.

For thousands of years in this land, legislation has required all people of school age to attend school and receive education.

The current compulsory education is certainly not perfect, but the starting line it draws is definitely the fairest in the past five thousand years.

With this long talk, our current issue has officially come to an end.

So in the next issue, we will still follow the perspective of the UP owner, and let’s review some truly romantic figures from the two Song Dynasties.

"The Romance of the Two Song Dynasties: Rivers and mountains are used as paper, iron spines are used as pens, years are used as ink, and books are filled with righteous indignation."

Thank you to the audience for watching and supporting.

So, let’s see you at the same time next time~]

Zhao Kuangyin was amazed in his heart, but he still knew that business was important.

When he wanted to look back and ask Zhao Pu to get it, what he saw was that the prime minister raised his head, his eyes flashing with undisguised desire and excitement.

Zhao Kuangyin knew that this was because of the compulsory education in later generations.

In fact, when it was mentioned earlier that Huizong's Chongning school was established, Zhao Kuangyin also guessed in his mind what compulsory education was.

But what I didn't expect was that later generations would actually require children to study by law.

Such a scene, I am afraid those ancient sages could hardly imagine that China would have such a day, right?

But his instinct of being immersed in the battlefield also reminded him that with the current situation of Song Dynasty, it would be enough to just look at the governance of such saints.

Song Huizong's academic and political education was only superficial, and it took three more steps to establish schools and a waste of money from the people before it could be completed. In the end, it failed.

If you want to be exactly the same as it was in the early Song Dynasty, it is tantamount to imitating the footsteps of Handan and imitating the east.

So Zhao Kuangyin simply stood up quietly without disturbing Zhao Pu, and walked lightly to the side of the hall.

The discerning Xiao Huangmen over there quickly added a few more strokes, and then respectfully presented the painting.

Zhao Kuangyin admired it for himself, then nodded and returned to the stone table to serve it as before.

Unexpectedly, just after leaving for a moment, many words were already written on the light screen. Zhao Pu also stood in front of the stone table and imitated the way he had written before using his finger as a pen.

〖Zhuge Liang: Such a holy king's government is so majestic and great!

Li Shimin: I see the same as Marquis Wu!

Zhang Fei: Me too.

Zhao Pu: If you can devote your whole life to achieving one or two of them, then you can die at night.

Changsun Wuji: Isn’t the descendant a dreamer? If one person dies, one or two people can become one or two, so why should I complain if I die?

Fa Zheng: If you want to achieve something, you should not hesitate to use strength, money, or life, and destroying your own body is a must.

Zhao Pu: I thought that Duke Changsun, a man like Wang Mang and Sima Yi, must have great ideas, but he turned out to be someone who took things out of context. At this time, our official army is about to cross the river to level the south of the Yangtze River. Isn't this an opportunity for academic and political affairs?

Changsun Wuji: Are you scolding your ancestor?

Zhao Pu: The words of Wang Mang and Sima Yi are not my words, but Xu Jingzong’s comments. 〗

Zhao Kuangyin wiped his sweat and left Zhao Pula, who was getting more and more courageous as he fought, off the stone table.

He knows very well what kind of temper this veteran minister has, and he really fears that the world will not be in chaos.

After comforting him with a few words of kindness, Zhao Kuangyin put the painting in his hand on the stone table. After thinking silently in his heart, he saw it suddenly disappear, and then he felt relieved.

Seeing the Tang Dynasty people on the light screen temporarily silent, Zhao Kuangyin thought for a while and took the initiative to write:

〖Zhao Kuangyin: I want to expedition to the north. Can Marquis Wu teach me how to lead an army?

Li Shimin: How can one teach Wuhou’s method lightly? I will destroy Tuyuhun in front of me in the moon, and I will teach you the sharp weapons of the army, which will be enough to level the Khitan.

Li Shimin: Do you know the powerful cannon of the Tang Dynasty? 〗