King of German Mercenaries

Since the marriage with Marin, Angela began to hope that she could become pregnant and give birth to the heir to the country. Then, nervously, she began to order the tailor to make some spare baby clothes.

Moreover, I used to like to travel by car, and I have become cautious. In Angela's words, the carriage was too bumpy, and the friction between the wheels and the axles was also very harsh.

Marin didn't know how to persuade Angela, he felt that Angela was overreacting. But what makes Marin speechless is that since Archbishop Rovere's lover Lucrezia and her youngest daughter Felice came to East Frisian, Angela has been holding on to her mother and sister again, and likes to take them to various places to visit .

In fact, in addition to taking care of her family and being happy with them, Angela also has some thoughts to show off. You know, Ferris has been a competitive master since she was a child, and she is always dissatisfied with Angela. Because the eldest sister died early, the two sisters were left to fight frequently. Now, when she finds an opportunity to show off her status as a countess, Angela will naturally not let it go.

As a result, Angela often took her mother and sister to "inspections" in various places, receiving the admiration and cheers of her subjects, and by the way, she stimulated her younger sister Felice, who had been disobedient to her since she was a child...

Felice was indeed very angry, although, in East Frisian, it was much better than in the rural landowners of Genoa, and her mother did not have to be an old mother. However, Felice felt extremely inferior in her heart. Without him, this is because Ferris has married a fool under the witness of God. Fools don't die, Felice is the fool's daughter-in-law. And her second sister, Angela, who had been unconvinced since she was a child, was also fleeing, and she could find an earl as her husband even after fleeing. She was really mad...

However, Ferris is very obsessed with the good life given by her sister. You know, in the Genoa countryside, she is just a maid-like figure who takes care of a fool's husband. The reason why the rich man chose her as his daughter-in-law was because his son was an idiot and no one was willing to marry him, so he chose Felice who fled. In fact, the rich man clearly regarded Ferris as a maid who would take care of his son for the rest of his life...

You know, Felice's nominally stupid husband, with an IQ only like a three-year-old child, only knows that Felice will serve him when he needs to eat, drink, and even go to the toilet...

Moreover, they are said to be rich people from the countryside, and Ferris and her daughter do not eat well there. They eat brown bread every day, and occasionally eat some meat. Unlike in my sister's palace, I eat very delicious delicacies said to come from the East every day, and I can wear all kinds of beautiful clothes. Felice was so jealous that she wanted to replace her sister and become her brother-in-law Marin's wife.

However, because of the two years of hard life, Ferris became a little black, and her appearance was not as beautiful as Angela. Therefore, the chances of Marin falling for her and not wanting Angela are really small...

Therefore, Felice had to follow her mother and sister depressedly, and while her sister was showing off, she accompanies her touring the country of East Frisian...

However, Angela was very dissatisfied with the bumpy carriage. So, in the name of protecting the child she might be pregnant with, she urged her smart husband, Marin, to quickly invent a carriage for her mother that was not bumpy and had no harsh screeching sound of axles... In her eyes, her husband was a no-brainer. impossible...

Marin had no choice but to start entering memory mode, imagining how he could make the carriage not bumpy...

In fact, it is also simple to say, it is not bumpy, just install a large spring on the support frame between the axle and the carriage. And no harsh friction, just install anti-friction bearings between the axles and the wheels...

But it's easier said than done...

First, to manufacture springs, special spring steel is required. In addition, the process of manufacturing the spring is also more troublesome. The shape of the coiled spring is not troublesome, and it is easier to shape by simply wrapping a hot wire around the post. However, the later annealing and other treatments,

But more troublesome.

Marin didn't learn mechanics in his previous life, how could he know the specific processing process? If he can know the principle, he is considered erudite. Therefore, how to ensure the elasticity of the spring and restore the original shape after being stretched is also somewhat troublesome.

In fact, the simplest coil spring, some watchmakers have come up with a similar model. However, they are made of ordinary iron wire, which is of little practical value. Because, the spring made of ordinary iron wire, after deformation, it is difficult to restore the original shape.

Only springs made of spring steel, after special treatment, can ensure that they are not easily deformed. So, before working on the spring, Marin had to deal with the legendary spring steel...

Marin doesn't know the formula of other spring steel, he only knows 65 carbon steel. Among them, this steel contains manganese. Fortunately, Marin's men bought pyrolusite in Hungary, which was enough for Marin to conduct research.

However, as an earl, where would Marin study it himself? So Marin pushed the matter to Leonardo da Vinci and a group of Italian watchmakers...

These tech nerds seem to be very interested in springs, and they gladly accept it...

When they found a suitable spring steel, Marin would arrange for craftsmen to use thin iron rods, burn them red, and then bend them around the columns to form large coil springs, which were then annealed to become special springs for carriages.

After handing over the research and development of the spring to Da Vinci, Marin himself went to the blacksmith to process the ball bearing...

Bearings are much easier to do than springs, of course, provided that Marlin is doing the simplest caged ball bearings. In a previous life, Marin started riding a bicycle since he was a child, and the bicycle has been repaired hundreds of thousands of times. Therefore, Marin is very familiar with bicycle bearings with caged balls.

The simplest caged ball is the space between the two steel rings (inner ring and outer ring), divided into 12 (or other numbers) blocks, and each block contains a steel ball of the same size. Then, a layer of steel casing (retainer) is put on the outside. The double-layer steel ring containing steel balls and the cage are not in direct contact, but are contacted by the protruding steel balls. These steel balls are all oiled, and there is little friction between them and the cage. However, after a period of time, it is necessary to disassemble the casing and add some oil. Because, if there is a lack of oil, the steel balls are easy to wear. If it is worn out, it is necessary to replace the steel balls...

Of course, modern steel balls are all alloy steel, which is very wear-resistant. However, Marin is in this era, and of course there is no very wear-resistant alloy steel. Therefore, Marin directly used cast iron to manufacture ball bearings.

Whether it is the inner ring, outer ring, or rolling elements and cages, they are all cast iron. Moreover, modern bearings are all machine-made, so small bearings are also easy to manufacture. And Marin obviously doesn't have a machine, so he can only use sand casting. So, he can only make bigger bearings. Therefore, the carriage bearing was made a little bigger. The steel balls on the bicycle, which are smaller than soybeans, were cast into cast iron beads the size of glass balls by Marin's sand-turning craftsmen...

As a result, because the iron beads were too large, the "cage balls" could not hold 12, but only 6...

Then, when it came to choosing lube, Marin went straight to the extravagant viscous butter...  

However, after the test results, this most primitive "cage ball" bearing, although it is thick and ugly, the effect is very good. At least, after installing Angela's carriage, the carriage no longer has the "squeaky" axle friction sound.

However, the spring steel developed by Da Vinci and others has not been available for a long time. Therefore, the time to reduce the elasticity of the carriage will naturally be postponed later...

As for using the inferior spring made of iron first, Marin does not consider it. Because, after the spring is out, it only needs to directly support the carriage. If the material is too poor, it is easy to cause the spring to break. If this is the case, it is easy to cause the carriage to overturn and cause an accident. Marin didn't dare to let Angela take the risk. If it broke, it would be bad. Therefore, he would rather wait for Da Vinci and the others to come up with qualified spring steel, rather than casually use ordinary materials to make springs for cars...