Bulgarian Empire

Compared with the insistence of the Vienna government, Count Oboni, the leader of the Hungarian Independence Party, is quietly sending away the representatives of the British, and it can be seen that the two sides have a very happy conversation.

This is also an inevitable result. In the winter offensive launched by the Russians last year, the Kingdom of Hungary has been severely damaged, and their national foundation has even been shaken!

Who told Mao Xiong that the Southwest Front Army, which was in charge of the main attack, happened to be next to Hungary? Who do they hit? To defend their own homeland, even if the Kingdom of Hungary wants to pretend to be cowardly, it won't do!

Then the Hungarians fought a battle to defend the homeland. As a result, the Kingdom of Hungary lost its seven-story field corps, as well as a large number of militia reserves, and lost half of the country along the way!

Although the Allies counterattacked in the second half of the year and took back these sites, they were still harmed by Mao Xiong after all. The economic losses were immeasurable, and the civilian casualties were hundreds of thousands.

In addition, when the Russians retreated, they deliberately created millions of refugees, which caused a devastating blow to the economy of the Kingdom of Hungary!

At the same time, the sequelae of the Kingdom of Hungary's usual oppression of ethnic minorities also appeared. Due to the heavy losses of the main army, other ethnic groups in the country saw opportunities, and the ruling foundation of the Hungarian government was no longer stable.

After the previous food crisis broke out, the Hungarian government's request for funding from the Vienna government to purchase food from the grain capitalists was also rejected, which frustrated the plans of many interest groups who wanted to take advantage of the opportunity to make a fortune.

Against this background, Hungary's domestic dissatisfaction with the central government has reached the extreme, and the Count Oboni, who originally wanted the Kingdom of Hungary to separate from the Austro-Hungarian Empire-independence, naturally jumped out!

It is perfectly normal for them to hook up with John Bull, and geopolitics determines all this.

The two neighbors, Russia and Bulgaria, Oboni, naturally dare not provoke them. If one is not good, there will be no bones left to be swallowed by others. He still knows that he can't do things like seeking skins from tigers!

The rest of them don't have much choice, they just have to choose between Britain and France. Obviously, the French don't have the energy to control them now. John Bull, who stretches out his hand to stir up shit, becomes their life-saving straw. Can't even catch it!

It can only be said that everyone is not a fuel-efficient lamp. Yugoslavia and Bulgaria are mixed together, and Hungarians are mixed with the British. Originally, the Russians also attracted a vote of younger brothers, but they were given by their appetite. Scared off.

...

From the battlefield on the front line, the battle has become more and more intense. The Hindenburg government is now counting on victory in the battle on the southern front and then allied with the Austro-Hungarian Empire to deal with Britain and France. More appropriate.

At the end of December 1916, the Somme Offensive was launched. Unlike in history, this time the losses of both sides were much greater, and the German army won the battle.

Unfortunately, this did not change the overall situation. Although the Germans won the victory, they were unable to continue their offensive because of their own casualties.

After waiting for a day, when the German reinforcements arrived, the British and French reinforcements also arrived at the front line, and the best time for the decisive battle had already been missed.

Then in January 1917, the Hindenburg government launched the Lys River Offensive, but the outcome remained the same. In the end, due to lack of stamina, the German offensive was blocked by the British and French allied forces.

In these two battles alone, the British and French allied forces paid nearly one million casualties, and the Germans also paid a painful price of over half a million casualties. The casualty ratio of the two sides reached an astonishing 1.8-1.9. In this respect, the Germans Complete victory!

It's a pity that the tactical victory cannot change the strategic failure. The plans formulated by the Hindenburg government were only half completed and ended without a problem.

Marshal Foch, the commander-in-chief of the British and French Allied Forces, is having a hard time now. Although he has shattered the strategy of the Allies, it is not enough to just be beaten without fighting back.

The government has already blown out the cowhide. If the war is to end in 1917, even if the Germans cannot be surrendered by then,

At least you have to hit the mainland of Germany in order to give an explanation to the people of the country, right?

Politicians don't care about the actual situation on the front line. They just want to see victory. It doesn't matter how many casualties there are on the front line. They must launch a counterattack. Anyway, they have plenty of cannon fodder!

Under this guiding ideology, the British and French allied forces had to adopt the most rigid tactics to counterattack the Germans. The purpose was very simple, to overwhelm the Germans in momentum.

Although it is not advisable to do this in the military, it is particularly important in politics.

Especially for the British, they have just changed the conscription system to the conscription system. At this time, bad news continues to spread, and the life of the London government will not be able to survive!

If it is not done well, the people will still resist the conscription system, which will be a disaster for the Allied Powers. Now that the war has progressed, everyone has discovered that it is unrealistic to use the colonial troops to fight the Germans in a war of attrition, and directly consume the Germans to death!

No way, although everyone doesn't care about the life and death of the colonial troops, but recruiting them, training them and sending them to the European continent also requires cost!

The most important thing is that the cost of recruiting a division from the colonies is not much lower than training a native division; and in terms of combat effectiveness, the colonial troops are less than half of the native troops, which is very economically difficult. It's not worth it.

At the beginning of the war, Britain and France were rich and powerful and didn't care about this consumption, but now that the war has been fought, everyone's wealth is almost exhausted.

The French have lost ten provinces in the Northeast, and the domestic industry has been hit hard. They have to tearfully sell overseas assets to raise funds. Even so, they still have to rely on consortiums and international loans financially.

The British are not much better, don't forget that in addition to their own war expenses, they are also providing loans to Bulgaria and Russia.

The French also did it at the beginning of the war, but with the fall of the country, they had to withdraw, leaving the usury business to John Bull.

However, John Bull's family background is solid, and it's only been two years since the war started, so their wealth has not been exhausted yet, but saving money is inevitable.

Inflation has begun to spread rapidly, and now the currencies of the major participating countries have depreciated to varying degrees. Although everyone's wages have risen on the surface, prices have risen faster.

As a large number of workers were conscripted into the army, many women and children were forced to enter the factory to do heavy labor, working overtime to the point of collapse, but the income was very meager.

A strict rationing system was implemented for various necessities of life, so that most ordinary people lived in a state of semi-starvation. This situation was particularly prominent in the Allied countries.

Essentially, the Allied countries have supplies from overseas trade. If domestic capitalists hadn’t colluded with bureaucrats to hoard, their food would still be sufficient.

But the Allies are different. Even if they can gather all the food, they still cannot meet the basic needs of the people.

Under this background, politicians naturally wanted to end the war as soon as possible, so everyone unanimously chose to fight.

On February 16, the long-prepared Allied forces launched an attack from Italy to Austria and Slovenia. Following the Western, Eastern, and Southern Fronts, the two sides opened up a new front.

There is no doubt that the military pressure faced by the Allies has become even greater, especially the Austro-Hungarian Empire, they are almost unable to hold on.

Since the end of the winter battle in 1916, demonstrations have become a part of Vienna. They were once suspended after the victory in the Eastern Front. However, with the unfavorable situation on the Southern Front, this activity was once again promoted.

The mayor of Vienna wrote in a report to the cabinet: "The people are being dominated by anger and despair. I don't know how long they can endure. I feel that the tragedy we are experiencing in Hungary is about to be staged in Austria!"

(Remarks: This refers to the Hungarian Revolution of 1848)

The chancellor of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Leopold von Berchtold, did not take any action after receiving this report, because he was powerless. When mentioning the Austro-Hungarian Empire, everyone first thought of his national issue. In fact, this The corruption problem of the old empire is more acute than the national problem.

If the old emperor Joseph I was still there, relying on his prestige, he could still make the capitalists fear three points, but it is a pity that it would not work if Ferdinand II was replaced.

Who told this guy to make a big death, marry a queen who was born as a commoner, and become an alternative among the nobles. Even Ferdinand II's political skills are not bad, but he has lost the loyalty of the nobles!

Without the support of the aristocracy, could Ferdinand II attack the capitalists? At least not in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, where most of the army was in the hands of the nobility.

The capitalists who let go of the restrictions are terrifying. Fortunately, Nicholas II helped him a big gang. He directly killed most of the capitalists in Russia, killing St. Petersburg with blood, and also shocked capitalists all over the world.

The Russian army told the world with practical actions that neither the emperor nor the army should be provoked. When one day they offend both the emperor and the army, the end will come.

Therefore, these capitalists also know that they have restrained a bit in military supplies, so that the Austro-Hungarian army on the front line is not hungry.

No, it should be said that it has not yet reached the point of starving to death. Since Bulgaria bombed the railways of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the already poor logistics system of the Austro-Hungarian army has become even worse.

For example, what was supposed to be shipped was flour, but a batch of potatoes was shipped by mistake. The soldiers on the front line are not picky, so everyone can eat potatoes.

It’s not that they are not really picky eaters. In fact, they don’t dare to let the logistics department pull them back and bring them fresh flour. They might really starve to death. This is a lesson learned by the predecessors in exchange for their lives.

Anyway, as long as it is your food, if it is shipped to the wrong place, it will be wrong. No one dares to do it again. If the logistics department replaces potatoes with grenades next time, they will probably be caught blind. There is a precedent for this!

Of course, this is not a big deal. Last time, the logistics department mistakenly turned all the food into ammunition for the Oolong troops. In the end, they were so hungry that they went directly to the enemy's prisoner-of-war camp to eat, and then they were widely advertised. It's over.

Later, Conrad took a closer look, and he felt that it would be impossible to go on like this. They surrendered only when they had no food to eat. This was in line with European moral standards. There was no way to criticize it?

Even the unlucky colonel who took the lead in surrendering didn’t have to take any responsibility after the war, not to mention going to court-martial, he couldn’t even criticize and educate. He used his wit to successfully save the lives of the boys, which is commendable of!

If he hadn't wisely chosen to surrender to the Bulgarian army, if he had surrendered to the Russians next door, they would all have starved to death before the war ended!

As a last resort, Conrad ruthlessly rectified the transportation system of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, transporting food and other supplies separately, so as to avoid this fatal oolong.

This is already a very big progress. Historically, the Russian army on the Eastern Front and the Austro-Hungarian army were not fighting each other more powerfully, but who was more resistant to cold and who was more able to starve. In the end, Mao Xiong With amazing physique, he won the victory!

There was also a funny anecdote here, a Russian army and an Austro-Hungarian army confronted each other on the front line. Due to the slippery road in winter, everyone's supplies were not delivered on time.

After being hungry, the Russian army decided to surrender to the Austro-Hungarian army on the opposite side. After they had a meeting to discuss and make a decision, a scout brought back a message that made them instantly dispel the idea of ​​surrender-the enemy was out of food!

The Austro-Hungarian army also made the same decision almost at the same time, but after the officers they sent to discuss surrender with the Russians arrived at the Russian army camp, they asked the Russian army for food in line with his status on the grounds that it was lunch time. He only got a piece of bread, so he judged that the Russians were out of food, so he fooled the Russians and returned to the camp to report the "good news". abdomen!

The anecdote is an anecdote, anyway, if the Austro-Hungarian army had a choice, they would seldom surrender to the Russians, because they knew that the life of the Russians was not easy, so they should not fight for rations with the Russian soldiers.

Well, there is no worst pitfall, only more pitfalls. In fact, Maoxiong’s logistics supply system is the best in Europe. It can be said that Maoxiong was trapped to death by logistics in World War I!

If the railway transportation of the Germans is 100, then the railway transportation of the French is at least 95. After the failure of the Franco-Prussian War, the French changed their minds and vigorously developed the railway transportation;

The British have 85, but they are an island country, and they can use sea transportation to make up for the transportation needs; Bulgaria’s railway transportation also has 93, and the sea and road systems can also meet the needs;

In this regard, the Austro-Hungarian Empire has lost the face of the European powers. It is only 61. The railway level is only slightly higher than that of Italy.

As for the Russian Empire, this is a joke, even if the Far East and Siberia are deducted, they are also a joke among the great powers.

Don't look at them, they also have more than 70,000 kilometers of railways, which is 70% higher than the total mileage of Bulgaria's railways, but their territory is also more than 40 times that of Bulgaria?

This average score is only a few percent of Bulgaria's, which means that the Russians' railway transportation score is less than 5, only 4.2!

Although railway transportation is not the whole of transportation, the proportion of railway transportation in this era can account for at least seventy to eighty percent. It is not surprising that Russia has insufficient transportation capacity.

Even a railway transportation network throughout the country has not been able to be established, so Mao Xiong has always been at the bottom of the great powers in terms of the transformation of war potential.

Because Mao Xiong is not only a railway pit, but their logistics management is even more pitiful. It is normal for supplies to not arrive at the front line on time. Many times, the troops on the front line wait and wait. , or that the capitalists shoddy it and couldn't use it at all!

For example: the flour shipped in turned into moldy dough; the rifles shipped in became parts and needed to be assembled by themselves; the tents shipped in needed to be sewn by themselves; the medicines shipped in were processed from flour; The ammunition is a squib...

The logistics don't care about the storage of materials, and they are completely irresponsible for the quality of materials, or they have fallen under the sugar-coated shells and become the capitalists' echoers!

This is also the reason why Nicholas II was able to respond to everything. The resentment of the officers and soldiers on the front line towards the capitalists has reached the extreme!

...

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